【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforOxygenHeadspaceAnalysisofPackagesUsingFluorescentDecay
【原文标准名称】:用荧光衰减法进行包装中顶空氧气分析的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMF2714-2008
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2008
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:F02.40
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:fluorescence;headspaceanalysis;oxygentransmissionrate;permeability;permeation;residualoxygen
【摘要】:Theoxygencontentofapackagex2019;sheadspaceisanimportantdeterminantofthepackagingprotectionaffordedbybarriermaterials.ThepackageundertestistypicallyMAP(modifiedatmospherepackaging)packaged.Oxygencontentisakeycontributortooff-flavorsandspoilageofvariousproducts,suchaschemicals,foodandpharmaceuticals.Themethoddeterminestheoxygeninaclosedpackageheadspace.Thisabilityhasapplicationin:PackagePermeabilityStudies8212;Thechangeofheadspacecompositionoveraknownlengthoftimeallowsthecalculationofpermeation.Sincetheheadspaceoxygenismeasuredasapercentage,thevolumeofthecontainerx2019;sheadspacemustbeknowntoallowconversionintoaquantitysuchasmillilitres(ml)ofoxygen.Theuseofthisapproachtomeasurepermeationgenerallyappliestoemptypackagesystemsonlyasoxygenuptakeoroutgassingofcontainedproductscouldaffectresults.LeakDetection8212;Iftheheadspacecontainsmoreoxygenthanexpectedorisincreasingfasterthanexpected,aleakcanbesuspected.Awidevarietyoftechniquescanbeemployedtoverifythataleakispresentandtoidentifyitslocation.Ifnecessaryorofinterest,aleakratemaybecalculatedwithknownheadspacevolumeandmeasuredoxygenconcentrationchangeovertime.EfficacyoftheMAPPackagingProcess8212;Iftheheadspaceoxygenconcentrationisfoundtobehigherthanexpectedsoonafterpackaging,thegasflushingprocessmaynotbeworkingaswellasexpected.VarioustechniquescanevaluatewhethertheMAPsystemisfunctioningproperly.StorageStudies8212;Asthemethodisnon-destructive,theheadspacecanbemonitoredovertimeonindividualsamplestoinsurethatresultsofstoragestudiessuchasshelflifetestingarecorrectlyinterpreted.1.1Thistestmethodcoversaprocedurefordeterminationoftheoxygenconcentrationintheheadspacewithinasealedpackagewithoutopeningorcompromisingtheintegrityofthepackage.1.2Thistestmethodrequiresthatchemicallycoatedcomponentsbeplacedontheinsidesurfaceofthepackagebeforeclosing.1.3Thepackagemustbeeithertransparent,translucent,oratransparentwindowmustbeaffixedtothepackagesurfacewithoutaffectingthepackagex2019;sintegrity.1.4Asthistestmethoddeterminestheoxygenheadspaceovertime,theoxygenpermeabilitycaneasilybecalculatedasingressperunittimeaslongasthevolumeofthecontainerisknown.1.5ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasstandard.Nootherunitsofmeasurementareincludedinthisstandard.1.6Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:A80
【国际标准分类号】:71_040_40
【页数】:4P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:Tea;Determinationoftotalash
【原文标准名称】:茶叶总灰分的测定
【标准号】:ISO1575-1987
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:国际
【发布日期】:1987-10
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:国际标准化组织(IX-ISO)
【起草单位】:ISO/TC34
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:灰分;茶;农产品;含量测定;灰分测定
【英文主题词】:Agriculturalproducts;Ashdetermination;Ashes;Definitions;Determinationofcontent;Foodproducts;Foodtesting;Inspectionequipment;Tea;Testing;Testingconditions
【摘要】:Themethodconsistsindestructingoforganicmatterbyheatingat525+/-25degreescentigradetoconstantmassusingafurnace,capableofbeingcontrolled.
【中国标准分类号】:X55
【国际标准分类号】:67_140_10
【页数】:2P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语